Charles Darwin 

Charles Darwin was famous for his Theory of Evolution.

The Vatican is said to have opposed Darwin and his Theory of Evolution until 1996 when the Vatican is said to have admitted that it was wrong in attacking Darwin just like it had finally admitted in 1992 that Galileo may have been correct that the Earth revolved around the Sun. (See "The Second Messiah" p2) (I have also seen information that indicates that the Catholic Church never opposed Darwin so I do not know if this is true or not.)